Items

• Map of the Netherlands in 1603

  A map of the Netherlands at the time of the death of Queen Elizabeth in 1603, showing the southern portion retained under Spanish control despite the support of Elizabeth for sovereignty. The map is color–coded to show the northern United Netherlands and the southern Spanish Netherlands at the time. The map shows major cities, towns, and rivers of the region.
• Vanitas Still Life
• Still Life with a Fish
• Still Life with a Silver Jug and a Porcelain Bowl
• Still Life with a Salt
• Still Life with Turkey Pie
• Still life with a Gilded Beer Tankard
• Still Life with a Gilt Cup
• Still Life with Flowers and a Watch
• Still Life with Cheeses
• Still Life with Meat, Fish, Vegetables, and Fruit
• Still Life with Ewer, Vessels, and Pomegranate
• Card Players
• Astronomer by Candlelight
• Silver Wine Jug, Ham, and Fruit
• Still Life with Assorted Fruit
• Disaster Year (1672)

  Dutch Republic attacked by England, France, and two German bishoprics at the same time.
• Tulip Mania (1636–1637)
• Dutch colony of Batavia (1619)

  The Dutch established a colony on the ruins of the city of Jayakarta in modern-day Indonesia. Batavia, now known as Jakarta, became the capital of the Dutch East Indies and acted as the center of the Dutch trade network in Asia.
• Dutch East India Company established (1602)

  The Dutch East India Company (VOC) was one of the first known joint-stock companies in the world and can be considered the first multinational corporation. It was created when existing Dutch trading companies merged, and was granted a monopoly over trade in Asia. Shares in the company could be bought by Dutch citizens, which gave rise to the Amsterdam Stock Exchange. It also had some governmental power, including the ability to wage war, make its own currency, and establish colonies.
• Cape Colony (1652)

  The Dutch East India Company established a colony in South Africa that acted as a trading post and harbor for Dutch merchant ships to repair and restock on their way to the East Indies.
• New Amsterdam (1624)

  The Dutch established their first colony in the Americas. New Amsterdam was located on the tip of what is now Manhattan Island in New York.
• Eighty Years' War (1568–1648)

  The exact dates of the war are disputed, and no single event can act as the definitive beginning of the conflict. The Eighty Years' War was the Low Countries' revolt against Spain.
• Philip IV as King of Spain (1621–1665)

  Isabella Clara Eugenia's nephew, Philip IV of Spain, took the Spanish crown and control over the Netherlands, though Isabella continued to rule as governess until she died in 1633. When he came to power, he ended the truce in the Netherlands in an unsuccessful attempt to negotiate a Dutch surrender.
• Isabella Clara Eugenia as Sovereign of the Habsburg Netherlands (1598–1621)

  King Philip II of Spain ceded the Spanish Netherlands to his daughter, Isabella Clara Eugenia, who ruled with her husband, Archduke Albert VII of Austria, until his death in 1621.