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                  <text>Dr. Thomas Herron, ECU</text>
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                <text>Kilcolman from a distance</text>
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                <text>View from the east. No modern roads lead to the castle, which is privately owned and surrounded by gated and fenced farmland. The seasonal lake and neighboring wooded land to the south and southeast of the castle (seen to the left in this picture) belong to a modern-day nature preserve. [Photos taken ca. 2000-2010]</text>
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                  <text>Dr. Thomas Herron, ECU</text>
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                <text>Kilcolman from the north </text>
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                <text>View from the north of Kilcolman Castle ruins, from within the area of the "bawn" or enclosure, which is no longer extant. In Spenser's time the castle would have been at least two stories taller (including the roof and battlements) and much more substantial, with a complex of buildings situated on the eastern flank. &#13;
&#13;
In the foreground is the nineteenth-century addition, a platform or patio built around and over the pre-existing vault and accessible from the stairs and doorway in the tower-house. Behind the platform area stand the remains of the late-medieval tower-house. On the left (east) side is the tower containing the staircase and garderobe. On the right, above the platform, is seen the outline of "Raleigh's window," where legend has it that Spenser and Sir Walter Raleigh discussed poetry and politics.</text>
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                  <text>Dr. Thomas Herron, ECU</text>
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                <text>View of Kilcolman from the northeast</text>
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                <text>At center-bottom can be seen the original door into the tower house. It leads directly into a vaulted cellar.</text>
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                <text>The nineteenth-century platform addition is in the foreground. The Ballyhoura range of mountains can be glimpsed in the distance. To the south of the castle (in the background) is a marsh and seasonal lake, now part of a nature preserve. &#13;
&#13;
Spenser, in his wedding poem “Epithalamion” (1595), curses the frogs that annoy him and his bride on their wedding night: “Ne let th’unpleasant quyre of frogs still croking/ Make us to wish theyr choking” (lines 349-50). Far from being a nuisance only, the lake would have served as a natural defensive barrier for the castle and as a source of water and food.</text>
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                <text>View from the northwest from within the bawn area </text>
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                <text>In the foreground is the nineteenth-century platform or patio. The marshy, seasonal lake to the south of the tower is partly filled with water. The Ballyhoura range of mountains can be glimpsed in the distance to the east and south of the tower.</text>
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                <text>View from the northwest </text>
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                <text>In Spenser's day, the castle would have been taller, and a bawn wall enclosing the castle yard would have stood between the viewer and the castle. The Ballyhoura mountain range can barely be seen in the distance. &#13;
&#13;
Spenser's residence in the castle may have begun as early as 1586-7 and was finished when fighting from the Nine Years' War (1594-1603) swept south and sacked the Munster plantation (and Kilcolman with it) in October, 1598. Spenser died a refugee in London early 1599. Legend has it that Spenser lost a child in the fire and also that the second half of his epic, The Faerie Queene, was lost in the displacement. Burn marks on the walls from the sacking of Kilcolman have been found, as well as burn marks from a fire a generation later, when the castle was occupied by Spenser's son, Sylvanus.</text>
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                <text>Kilcolman Castle from the southwest </text>
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                <text>Because it is on a ridge, the castle from this direction would have looked even more imposing (the castle would also have had at least two more stories, including parapets). The castle would also have had a "bawn" (i.e., enclosure) wall directly in front of it, further protecting it and surrounding buildings from attack. &#13;
&#13;
The door at the bottom of the tower house in this view is modern. Above it is seen an aperture and above it, “Raleigh's window.” In the staircase block on the right (east) side can be seen three more arrow loops. At ground level can be seen an exit chute for the garderobe (modified in modern times), strategically located to drain towards the lake.</text>
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                <text>Exterior view from the south of the gothic-style, ogee-headed “Raleigh's window” in the tower house.</text>
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                <text>Staircase/garderobe block of the tower house (on left). The additional building complex (with Parlor and Great Hall) would have stood in the center of this photo. It was attached to the east side of the castle. Remains of the south wall of the Great Hall can still be seen (on right). That wall would have reinforced and/or doubled as the south-facing bawn wall.</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>View from southest</text>
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                <text>Kilcolman castle stands on a ridge. In the foreground (right) can be see the remains of the south-east corner of the bawn wall, which doubled as the wall of the Great Hall on this side. The Hall and adjacent Parlor are no longer standing.</text>
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