https://collections.ecu.edu/files/original/20/551/OR_Replica-Museum-Submarine-Barcelona-Ictineo-Ii-895157.jpg 54e5dd96454b9f99df3a1bfad3255901 https://collections.ecu.edu/files/original/20/551/Submarine_-_Brooke_Palmer.pdf 6c269eaee70c9ba37d18b9a27b52f820 PDF Text Text The Submarine The city of Barcelona was full of dreamers: artists and scientists with an array of ideas that contributed to history and culture. One of these scientists was the famous inventor Narcís Monturiol. While Monturiol did not contribute to Barcelona’s physical landscape and structure, he created the first fully functional submarine to explore the waters of Barcelona: a machine he decided to call Ictíneo. Authors Hochadel and Nieto-Galan claim that Barcelonan history would not be the same, “without accounting for the role of science” (2016: 5). This is especially true in the case of Monturiol’s submarine. His invention opened a whole new world of discovery for the Catalan people and eventually, the world. Especially because Barcelona was not the only European country interested in underwater exploration at the turn of the 1800s. In Barcelona: The Great Enchantress, author Robert Hughes explains that Europeans as a whole “dreamed of probing the depths of the sea” for centuries (Hughes 2004: 88). He goes on to say that this dream came to fruition once Monturiol decided to apply engines to the contraption (Hughes 2004: 89). Not only was this a scientific achievement, it also gave Catalans a sense of pride that one of their own was able to make such a contribution to the scientific world. As the original submarine was unfortunately destroyed, a model and monument of the first submarine, Ictineo I, can be found at the entrance of Barcelona’s Museu Marítim or Maritime Museum in the Gothic Quarter (Narcís). Another monument of the submarine can be found at Plaça de Catalunya in the window of an antique shop (Hughes 2003: 82). This allows for Monturiol’s legacy to be remembered to this day. Institutions around Barcelona such as the Maritime Museum, which displays the submarine, allow “involvement of interested committed and often highly skilled citizens” in order to learn more about Barcelona’s “construction of an �urban culture of natural history” (Hochadel and Valls 2016: 26). While the submarine is not technically something that developed naturally, it did help scientists make more discoveries of the natural world beneath the blue, both at the time it was invented and today as the technologies from the original submarine have been the basis of underwater exploration around the globe. �Works Cited “Narcís Monturiol’s Submarines Ictineo I and II”. Beyond Victorian. 2011, September 25. Web. 2016, November 14. https://beyondvictoriana.com/2011/09/25/93-narcisomonturiols-submarines-ictineo-i-and-ii/ � https://collections.ecu.edu/files/original/20/551/Palmer_Brooke_Submarine.m4a de7f9de08e75d648ec6d0d5cb0dbe36c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Digital Barcelona Subject The topic of the resource Sights around Barcelona Description An account of the resource The items (text documents, audio, video) used in the collection were created by the students from Fall 2016 HONS 2011.003: Barcelona: An Urban Cultural history class taught by Dr. Benjamin Fraser. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Benjamin Fraser Irina Swain Camille Kresz Language A language of the resource English, Spanish Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Digital Barcelona Date Created Date of creation of the resource. January 2017 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Irina Swain Camille Kresz Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Creative Commons Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Submarine Subject The topic of the resource The Submarine Description An account of the resource The Submarine is located in Barcelona, Spain. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Brooke Palmer, Benjamin Fraser Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Camille Kresz Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 02/09/2017 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Creative Commons Language A language of the resource English, Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Document, Still Image, Sound Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 02/09/2017 Barcelona Brooke Palmer Ictineo I Spain Submarine