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                  <text>Collserola Mountain Range
The early 1900s marked the arrival of a plethora of amusement parks in the Collserola
mountain range, including Tibidabo Park, Turó Park, the Rabassada, and Lake Valley. These
amusement parks in Collserola emerged as a business opportunity to make profit by advertising
“healthy, moral and entertaining” locations to guests (Sastre-Juan and Valentines-Álvarez
2016: 102). These parks were essentially areas promoted as a utopian universe, offering
glorious landscapes and grandiose hotels. Turó Park was publicized as being “dominated by the
fresh airs” from Collserola, while the Rabassada was referred to as “Eden”, which may have
been a tiny bit of a stretch.
The irony in this is laughable, as pristine and unadulterated air was heavily promoted
by those same elites who owned the factories polluting the same air and water. Urban planners
continued to endorse this illusory environment through the construction of rides in Tibidabo
that were meant to illuminate the “views of the mountain and the sea” (Sastre-Juan and
Valentines-Álvarez 2016: 105). Despite the false advertisement spearheaded by the upper class,
these amusement parks had much success during their time, performing as beacons of
“technological fun” and paving the way for many more advancements in mechanized thrill
rides. However, no advancements could have occurred without the impetus of electricity. The
year 1875 began Barcelona’s introduction to electric lighting, and from that instant onwards,
electricity shaped everyday life by welcoming technology into daily functioning and easing
Barcelona into its character of a “ciudad maravillosa,” outweighing its faults. (Ferrán and NietoGalan 2016: 242; Hughes 2003: 98).

�</text>
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Irina Swain&#13;
Camille Kresz</text>
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Camille Kresz</text>
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Benjamin Fraser&#13;
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